解决： Fatal error: session_start(): Failed to initialize storage module: files(session.inc.php on l

解决： Fatal error: session_start(): Failed to initialize storage module: files(session.inc.php on l

    解决： Fatal error: session_start(): Failed to initialize storage module: files问题
　　
　　
　　之前编译安装的LNMP环境+phpmyamdin4.02的版本，今天突然出现这个问题：
　　Fatal error: session_start(): Failed to initialize storage module: files (path: ) in /data/www/phpmyadmin/libraries/session.inc.php on line 83
　　大致意思是session会话初始化的时候储存路径有误！第一反应就是查看php.ini的配置文件中的：
　　
　　session.save_path = "/tmp"
　　默认前面是加的分号，表示不启用，我之前配置的时候已经启用了。那为什么还会报错呢？，于是网上找了一些资料，感觉都千篇一律：
　　1、检查error.log(Apache2.2\logs)文件，查看是否有错误报告。未发现。
　　
　　2、检查php.ini中的session.save_handler的值是否为files，如果不是改为files
　　
　　3、检查php.ini文件中session.save_path是否被注释了，如果有，则去掉前面的”;”。
　　
　　4、将save_path后面的路径改成已有的路径，比如”D:\php\temp”
　　
　　5、检查temp文件夹的属性是否可读可写。
　　
　　6、重启APACHE服务器。OK
　　不知道那些哥们转载的时候自己试过了没有（在这里喷一下，最讨厌那种自己都没有亲测，就一股脑的转来转去。一点都不负责!）
　　根据上面的流程，排查了之后发现压根就没有解决，不过璞玉的服务器是nginx非apache。
　　然后自己写了一个脚本test.php：
　　 
　　$r = session_start();
　　var_dump($r);
　　打印结果为：
　　Warning: session_start(): SAFE MODE Restriction in effect. The script whose uid is 501 is not allowed to access /tmp owned by uid 0 in /data/www/test.php on line 3 Fatal error: session_start(): Failed to initialize storage module: files (path: ) in /data/www/test.php on line 3
　　意思是 php5一个安全模式的bug，默认session的save_path是系统的临时目录，这样会要校验权限。而这个脚本不能通过/tmp拥有者uid为0来执行uid是501也是www用户组的权限
　　解决这个有两种解决方法：
　　1。关闭安全模式；
　　
　　2。在命令行下chown改文件/目录的拥有者
　　
　　当然两种方法都要求你有服务器的权限。
　　
　　下面是璞玉php.ini的配置文件：
　　[Session]
　　 ; Handler used to store/retrieve data.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.save-handler
　　session.save_handler = files; Argument passed to save_handler.  In the case of files, this is the path
　　 ; where data files are stored. Note: Windows users have to change this
　　 ; variable in order to use PHP's session functions.
　　 ;
　　 ; The path can be defined as:
　　 ;
　　 ;     session.save_path = "N;/path"
　　 ;
　　 ; where N is an integer.  Instead of storing all the session files in
　　 ; /path, what this will do is use subdirectories N-levels deep, and
　　 ; store the session data in those directories.  This is useful if you
　　 ; or your OS have problems with lots of files in one directory, and is
　　 ; a more efficient layout for servers that handle lots of sessions.
　　 ;
　　 ; NOTE 1: PHP will not create this directory structure automatically.
　　 ;         You can use the script in the ext/session dir for that purpose.
　　 ; NOTE 2: See the section on garbage collection below if you choose to
　　 ;         use subdirectories for session storage
　　 ;
　　 ; The file storage module creates files using mode 600 by default.
　　 ; You can change that by using
　　 ;
　　 ;     session.save_path = "N;MODE;/path"
　　 ;
　　 ; where MODE is the octal representation of the mode. Note that this
　　 ; does not overwrite the process's umask.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.save-path
　　 session.save_path = "/tmp"
　　; Whether to use cookies.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.use-cookies
　　 session.use_cookies = 1
　　; http://php.net/session.cookie-secure
　　 ;session.cookie_secure =
　　; This option forces PHP to fetch and use a cookie for storing and maintaining
　　 ; the session id. We encourage this operation as it's very helpful in combatting
　　 ; session hijacking when not specifying and managing your own session id. It is
　　 ; not the end all be all of session hijacking defense, but it's a good start.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.use-only-cookies
　　 session.use_only_cookies = 1
　　; Name of the session (used as cookie name).
　　 ; http://php.net/session.name
　　 session.name = PHPSESSID
　　; Initialize session on request startup.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.auto-start
　　 session.auto_start = 0
　　; Lifetime in seconds of cookie or, if 0, until browser is restarted.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.cookie-lifetime
　　 session.cookie_lifetime = 0
　　; The path for which the cookie is valid.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.cookie-path
　　 session.cookie_path = /
　　; The domain for which the cookie is valid.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.cookie-domain
　　 session.cookie_domain =
　　; Whether or not to add the httpOnly flag to the cookie, which makes it inaccessible to browser scripting languages such as JavaScript.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.cookie-httponly
　　 session.cookie_httponly =
　　; Handler used to serialize data.  php is the standard serializer of PHP.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.serialize-handler
　　 session.serialize_handler = php
　　; Defines the probability that the 'garbage collection' process is started
　　 ; on every session initialization. The probability is calculated by using
　　 ; gc_probability/gc_divisor. Where session.gc_probability is the numerator
　　 ; and gc_divisor is the denominator in the equation. Setting this value to 1
　　 ; when the session.gc_divisor value is 100 will give you approximately a 1% chance
　　 ; the gc will run on any give request.
　　 ; Default Value: 1
　　 ; Development Value: 1
　　 ; Production Value: 1
　　 ; http://php.net/session.gc-probability
　　 session.gc_probability = 1
　　; Defines the probability that the 'garbage collection' process is started on every
　　 ; session initialization. The probability is calculated by using the following equation:
　　 ; gc_probability/gc_divisor. Where session.gc_probability is the numerator and
　　 ; session.gc_divisor is the denominator in the equation. Setting this value to 1
　　 ; when the session.gc_divisor value is 100 will give you approximately a 1% chance
　　 ; the gc will run on any give request. Increasing this value to 1000 will give you
　　 ; a 0.1% chance the gc will run on any give request. For high volume production servers,
　　 ; this is a more efficient approach.
　　 ; Default Value: 100
　　 ; Development Value: 1000
　　 ; Production Value: 1000
　　 ; http://php.net/session.gc-divisor
　　 session.gc_divisor = 1000
　　; After this number of seconds, stored data will be seen as 'garbage' and
　　 ; cleaned up by the garbage collection process.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.gc-maxlifetime
　　 session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440
　　; NOTE: If you are using the subdirectory option for storing session files
　　 ;       (see session.save_path above), then garbage collection does *not*
　　 ;       happen automatically.  You will need to do your own garbage
　　 ;       collection through a shell script, cron entry, or some other method.
　　 ;       For example, the following script would is the equivalent of
　　 ;       setting session.gc_maxlifetime to 1440 (1440 seconds = 24 minutes):
　　 ;          find /path/to/sessions -cmin +24 | xargs rm
　　; PHP 4.2 and less have an undocumented feature/bug that allows you to
　　 ; to initialize a session variable in the global scope, even when register_globals
　　 ; is disabled.  PHP 4.3 and later will warn you, if this feature is used.
　　 ; You can disable the feature and the warning separately. At this time,
　　 ; the warning is only displayed, if bug_compat_42 is enabled. This feature
　　 ; introduces some serious security problems if not handled correctly. It's
　　 ; recommended that you do not use this feature on production servers. But you
　　 ; should enable this on development servers and enable the warning as well. If you
　　 ; do not enable the feature on development servers, you won't be warned when it's
　　 ; used and debugging errors caused by this can be difficult to track down.
　　 ; Default Value: On
　　 ; Development Value: On
　　 ; Production Value: Off
　　 ; http://php.net/session.bug-compat-42
　　 session.bug_compat_42 = Off
　　; This setting controls whether or not you are warned by PHP when initializing a
　　 ; session value into the global space. session.bug_compat_42 must be enabled before
　　 ; these warnings can be issued by PHP. See the directive above for more information.
　　 ; Default Value: On
　　 ; Development Value: On
　　 ; Production Value: Off
　　 ; http://php.net/session.bug-compat-warn
　　 session.bug_compat_warn = Off
　　; Check HTTP Referer to invalidate externally stored URLs containing ids.
　　 ; HTTP_REFERER has to contain this substring for the session to be
　　 ; considered as valid.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.referer-check
　　 session.referer_check =
　　; How many bytes to read from the file.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.entropy-length
　　 session.entropy_length = 0
　　; Specified here to create the session id.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.entropy-file
　　 ; On systems that don't have /dev/urandom /dev/arandom can be used
　　 ; On windows, setting the entropy_length setting will activate the
　　 ; Windows random source (using the CryptoAPI)
　　 ;session.entropy_file = /dev/urandom
　　; Set to {nocache,private,public,} to determine HTTP caching aspects
　　 ; or leave this empty to avoid sending anti-caching headers.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.cache-limiter
　　 session.cache_limiter = nocache
　　; Document expires after n minutes.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.cache-expire
　　 session.cache_expire = 180
　　; trans sid support is disabled by default.
　　 ; Use of trans sid may risk your users security.
　　 ; Use this option with caution.
　　 ; - User may send URL contains active session ID
　　 ;   to other person via. email/irc/etc.
　　 ; - URL that contains active session ID may be stored
　　 ;   in publically accessible computer.
　　 ; - User may access your site with the same session ID
　　 ;   always using URL stored in browser's history or bookmarks.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.use-trans-sid
　　 session.use_trans_sid = 0
　　; Select a hash function for use in generating session ids.
　　 ; Possible Values
　　 ;   0  (MD5 128 bits)
　　 ;   1  (SHA-1 160 bits)
　　 ; This option may also be set to the name of any hash function supported by
　　 ; the hash extension. A list of available hashes is returned by the hash_algos()
　　 ; function.
　　 ; http://php.net/session.hash-function
　　 session.hash_function = 0
　　; Define how many bits are stored in each character when converting
　　 ; the binary hash data to something readable.
　　 ; Possible values:
　　 ;   4  (4 bits: 0-9, a-f)
　　 ;   5  (5 bits: 0-9, a-v)
　　 ;   6  (6 bits: 0-9, a-z, A-Z, "-", ",")
　　 ; Default Value: 4
　　 ; Development Value: 5
　　 ; Production Value: 5
　　 ; http://php.net/session.hash-bits-per-character
　　 session.hash_bits_per_character = 5
　　; The URL rewriter will look for URLs in a defined set of HTML tags.
　　 ; form/fieldset are special; if you include them here, the rewriter will
　　 ; add a hidden <input> field with the info which is otherwise appended
　　 ; to URLs.  If you want XHTML conformity, remove the form entry.
　　 ; Note that all valid entries require a "=", even if no value follows.
　　 ; Default Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,form=,fieldset="
　　 ; Development Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"
　　 ; Production Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"
　　 ; http://php.net/url-rewriter.tags
　　 url_rewriter.tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"
　　因为这个是在一台VPS上面配置的，上面有多个项目，于是璞玉打开一个项目，发现此项目的验证码功能是OK的。
　　于是查看代码如下：
　　$sessSavePath = "/data/sessions/";
　　 // Session保存路径
　　 if(is_writeable($sessSavePath) && is_readable($sessSavePath)){ session_save_path($sessSavePath); }
　　 if(!empty($cfg_domain_cookie)) session_set_cookie_params(0,'/',$cfg_domain_cookie);
　　上面这个代码是在session_start() 初始化之前来判断是否存在session会话的文件夹。
　　于是就在phpmyadmin里面的保存的那个文件/phpmyadmin/libraries/session.inc.php做了下修改:
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　　if (! isset($_COOKIE[$session_name])) {
　　 // on first start of session we check for errors
　　 // f.e. session dir cannot be accessed - session file not created
　　 $orig_error_count = $GLOBALS['error_handler']->countErrors();
　　 //session_save_path('./tmp');
　　 session_save_path("/data/www/session");
　　 $r = session_start();
　　 if ($r !== true
　　 || $orig_error_count != $GLOBALS['error_handler']->countErrors()
　　 ) {
　　 setcookie($session_name, '', 1);
　　 /*
　　 * Session initialization is done before selecting language, so we
　　 * can not use translations here.
　　 */
　　 PMA_fatalError('Cannot start session without errors, please check errors given in your PHP and/or webserver log file and configure your PHP installation properly. Also ensure that cookies are enabled in your browser.');
　　 }
　　 unset($orig_error_count);
　　 } else {
　　 session_save_path("/data/www/session");
　　 session_start();
　　 }
　　在    session_start();  前面添加了  session_save_path(“/data/www/session”); 就解决了这个问题。
　　切记通过@ini_set(‘session.save_path’, ”/data/www/session”);无效！
　　这个问题困扰了我几个小时，终于解决了，所以就记录下来，对日后应该会有帮助。
　　如果对你有帮助，请留言。如果有什么意见欢迎交流！
　　谢谢耐心的看完了！